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Cucumis sativus
Growing calendar
Typical timing for central Japan (Kanto region). Shift it for your own climate, and record your actual dates.
Guides
- How to Plant Cucumbers: Spacing, Soil and Putting Up Supports
- Pruning Cucumbers: Removing the Lowest Side Shoots and Topping the Vine
- How Often to Water Cucumbers and When to Feed Them
- Cucumber Growing Calendar: What to Do Through the Season
- Cucumber Diseases and Pests: Keeping Mildew Out of the Crop
- When to Pick Cucumbers and Why They Come Out Curved
Common problems
Start from what you can see on the plant.
Pests and diseases (67)
Problems recorded for this plant, most serious first.
Powdery Mildew
MajorDisease
White patches appear scattered on the upper leaf surface at first, then the whole leaf is coated in a white powder. Leaves later yellow, brown and die back, and reduced photosynthesis cuts growth and yield.
Cucurbit Leaf Beetle
MajorPest
Circular and arc-shaped feeding scars, as if drawn with a compass, line the leaves. On young seedlings the leaves can be eaten away entirely, badly setting back growth.
Brown Leaf Spot
MajorDisease
Small light brown to gray-brown spots form on the leaves and enlarge into irregular lesions. When they merge the whole leaf dies and plant vigor drops sharply.
Cucumber Mosaic Virus
MajorDisease
New leaves show a yellow-green mosaic, crinkle, and the whole plant becomes stunted. Fruit colors unevenly and grows misshapen.
Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic
MajorDisease
Dark green blotches and raised mosaic appear on the leaves. The fruit surface becomes mottled and the flesh discolors, spoiling the flavor.
Gummy Stem Blight
MajorDisease
Gray-brown lesions form at stem nodes and the crown, exuding brown gum and splitting lengthwise. Round to V-shaped brown lesions form on leaves, dotted with small black fruiting bodies.
Fusarium Wilt of Cucurbits
MajorDisease
Part of the vine wilts during the day and eventually the whole plant dies. The stem splits lengthwise near the soil and exudes gum, and the vascular tissue is browned when cut.
Damping-off
MajorDisease
The stem pinches in at soil level, turning water-soaked to brown and thin, and the seedling topples over. Infection before emergence makes the stand uneven with missing plants.
Root-knot Nematode
MajorPest
The plant wilts in the daytime and does not recover with feeding or watering. Pull it up and the roots carry beaded chains of galls of varying size with few fine roots.
Spider Mites
MajorPest
Fine white stippling spreads across the upper leaf surface, and the leaf eventually whitens and dies back. In heavy infestations fine webbing appears on leaf undersides and shoot tips.
Bacterial Spot
MajorDisease
Small water-soaked spots appear on the leaves, later turning brown with yellowing around them. Fruit develops water-soaked or scabby spots from which rot spreads.
Downy Mildew
MajorDisease
Pale yellow to yellow-brown angular lesions form on the upper leaf surface with a gray-purple mold in the matching spot underneath. Lesions merge, the leaves die back and the plant declines early.
Curved Fruit
MajorDisorder
Fruit bends into a bow shape or pinches in partway so that it sizes unevenly. When curved fruit increases, overall plant growth is usually slowing too.
Whiteflies
CommonPest
Shake the plant and a cloud of tiny white insects flies up. Nymphs stay fixed on leaf undersides, and honeydew-fed sooty mold blackens the leaves as the plant weakens.
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic
CommonDisease
Strong yellow mottled mosaic appears on the leaves, which become narrow and shredded in shape. Fruit is knobbly and lumpy, twisted and bent.
Anthracnose
CommonDisease
Light brown to dark brown round lesions with sharp margins form on leaves and fruit, slightly sunken in the center. In wet weather salmon-pink slimy spore masses ooze out on the lesions.
Excess Nitrogen
CommonDisorder
Leaves are large and dark green and stems grow thick but soft. Flowering and fruit set decline while aphids and disease become more frequent.
Etiolation
CommonDisorder
Internodes stretch long, stems are thin and leaf color is pale. The plant topples easily and becomes vulnerable to pests and disease.
Gray Mold
CommonDisease
Water-soaked brown lesions form on flowers, fruit and leaves, densely covered by a fuzzy gray mold. Fruit rots and drops, and decay continues in storage after harvest.
Leafminer Flies
CommonPest
Winding white tunnels run through the leaf with the larva at the head of the mine. Heavy mining turns the whole leaf white and dead, cutting photosynthesis.
Magnesium Deficiency
CommonDisorder
Yellowing appears between the veins of the lower leaves while the veins stay green, giving a net-like pattern. It later browns and dies back, and is most obvious on plants carrying a heavy fruit load.
Melon Yellow Spot Virus
CommonDisease
Numerous small yellow spots appear on the leaves and later turn necrotic so the leaf dies. Growth stalls and fruit fails to size up or sweeten.
Watermelon Mosaic Virus
OccasionalDisease
Leaves show a yellow-green mosaic, crinkle and stay small. Vine extension is poor and fruit shows faint color mottling and deformity.
Bacterial Wilt
Disease
Leaves wilt while still green during the day and recover in the morning and evening; after a few days of this the plant dies. Cut the stem and stand it in water and a milky white bacterial ooze streams out in threads.
Fusarium Wilt
Disease
Lower leaves wilt during the day and recover morning and evening, and this cycle repeats as the plant dies back. Cutting the stem reveals characteristic browning of the vascular tissue.
Late Blight
Disease
Dark green water-soaked lesions appear on the leaves and expand quickly into brown dead tissue. White mold forms on the underside and at the lesion edge, and dark brown lesions spread to stems and fruit.
Tomato Spotted Wilt
Disease
Brown necrotic spots and ring patterns appear on the leaves and the growing tips shrivel and darken. Fruit develops concentric yellow rings that make it unmarketable.
Sclerotinia Rot
Disease
The crown, stem or head rots in a water-soaked way and is covered in white cottony mycelium. Black sclerotia later form inside and on the surface, and the plant wilts and dies.
Black Spot
Disease
On roses, dark brown lesions with radiating edges form on the leaves, which yellow around them and drop. On pear, sooty black lesions appear on leaves, fruit and the calyx of young fruit, deforming the fruit.
Southern Blight
Disease
The stem rots at soil level and white silky mycelium spreads over the crown and the surrounding soil surface. Brown sclerotia the size of rapeseed then form and the plant wilts and dies rapidly.
Bacterial Soft Rot
Disease
The crown or the head becomes water-soaked and soft, then collapses into a slimy mush. The rotting tissue gives off a distinctive foul odor.
Root Rot
Disease
Fine roots rot brown to blackish brown, growth stops and the lower leaves yellow. The plant wilts easily in the daytime and eventually dies outright.
Verticillium Wilt
Disease
Only one side of the lower leaves yellows and wilts, and the symptom moves up the plant. Stem vascular tissue turns pale brown and the plant dies without ever growing well.
Leaf Spot
Disease
Small round brown to gray-white lesions appear on the lower leaves, the centers turning gray with tiny black specks. As they multiply the leaf yellows and drops early.
Ring Rot
Disease
The bark of branches and trunk becomes rough and warty, serving as the inoculum source. Fruit develops round brown lesions that soften and rot in concentric rings.
